Some Facts about Biogas

Biogas  refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material(like cow dung), animal feces, and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. Biogas originates from biogenic material and is a type of biofuel.

Production:

Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops. Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), moisture and siloxanes.

The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel.

Largest Biogas Plant 

• GERMANY - Biogas Plant in Eastern Germany Will Be the World’s Largest

• In 2011, more than 65,000 biogas plants were installed in various countries in Asia and Africa. The Biogas Programme (BPII) in Vietnamand the Biogas Support Programme (BSP) in Nepal,  top the list with the most installations over 2011, 23,300 and 19,200 plants respectively.
•  Nepal realised the installation of the 250,000th biogas plant since 1992.
• The Biogas Pilot Programme (BPP) in Lao PDR is experiencing lower installation numbers, also due to budget cuts, while the Indonesia Domestic Biogas Programme managed by Hivos has seen a remarkable uptake of biogas plants in 2011, with over 4,600 new biogas families, since its inception in 2009.

Recent Programmes:

The production rate of nine African biogas programmes has seen an increase of more than 100% compared to 2010. Especially, the programmes  in  Kenya,  Ethiopia and  Uganda  advanced well , and also Burkina Faso made good progress. Over 13,000 plants have been constructed up to 2011.

Biogas Technology Awareness Programme was organized by Division of Agricultural Engineering in collaboration with Directorate of Extension Education, SKUAST-Kashmir, on 19.03.2012 at Vill Rohama, Rafiabad, Distt. Baramulla (J&K). This programme was organized to make farmers aware about this eminent technology modified & developed for temperate climate of J&K state under the project on “Design of suitable biogas plant for production of methane gas under temperate condition” by the Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India.

Status:

• Financial support was provided by a wide spectrum of national and international organisations including the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGIS);
• German Development Bank (KfW) forNepalandBangladesh;
•  Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) forCambodiaandRwanda;
•  Blue Moon Fund for Lao PDR, Asian Development Bank forVietnamandBhutan;
•  the World Wildlife Fund forNepal;
•  Hivos forIndonesia,Cambodiaand the countries of the African Biogas Partnership Programme (ABPP);
• People in Need forCambodia; Netherlands Finance Development Company (FMO) forCambodia; and the World Bank forVietnam.

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